Reliable ISQI CTFL2018 CTFL_Syll2018 Dumps PDF Jan 13, 2024 Recently Updated Questions [Q10-Q25]

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Reliable ISQI CTFL2018 CTFL_Syll2018 Dumps PDF Jan 13, 2024 Recently Updated Questions

Pass Your ISQI CTFL_Syll2018 Exam with Correct 355 Questions and Answers

QUESTION 10
What is basic idea of structure-based testing techniques?

To allow developers to have their own testing technique.

To do better testing, since the specifications are not needed.

The more details of the source code are executed, the more faults can be found.

To gain time, since structure-based techniques are easier to implement than specification-based
techniques.

QUESTION 11
Which of the following test organizations has the highest level of independence?

Independent testers within the development teams

Independent testers from the user community

Independent test specialists for specific test types, such as usability, performance or certification test
specialists

Code tested by another developer from the development team

QUESTION 12
Which of the following statements BEST describes how test cases are derived from a use case?

Test cases are derived based on non-functional requirements such as usability

Test cases are designed to cover various user behaviors, including basic, exceptional or alternative and error behaviors associated with human users or systems

Test cases are created using white-box test techniques to execute scenarios of use cases

Test cases are derived based on pair testing between a user and a tester to find defects

Explanation
It describes how test cases are derived from a use case. A use case is a description of a set of sequences of actions, including variants, that a system performs to yield an observable result of value to an actor1. An actor can be a human user or another system. Test cases are designed to cover various user behaviors, including basic, exceptional or alternative and error behaviors associated with each use case1. Option A is incorrect, as test cases derived from a use case are not based on non-functional requirements such as usability, but on functional requirements that describe what the system does1. Option C is incorrect, as test cases derived from a use case are not created using white-box test techniques, but using black-box test techniques that focus on the inputs and outputs of the system1. Option D is incorrect, as test cases derived from a use case are not based on pair testing, which is a technique that involves two testers working together to find defects1. References: 1, Section 4.2.4

QUESTION 13
Which of the following would be a key difference between a peer review of code and static analysis of code using a tool?

A peer reviews finds defects while static analysis finds failures

Peer reviews cannot find missing requirements whereas static analysis can

A peer reviews find failures while static analysis finds defects

Static analysis targets the code technically whereas Peer review is applicable to further aspects.

Explanation
A key difference between a peer review of code and static analysis of code using a tool is that static analysis targets the code technically whereas peer review is applicable to further aspects. Static analysis focuses on the technical aspects of the code, such as syntax, logic, complexity, quality, security, etc. Peer review can also address these aspects, but it can also consider other aspects, such as readability, maintainability, usability, functionality, etc. Peer review can also provide feedback, suggestions, or opinions from different perspectives or expertise levels. compares these two techniques as follows:
Static analysis tools are software tools that examine (analyse) source code without executing it. They are used by developers as part of their development environment for checking their code against coding standards (rules), finding syntax errors etc.
Peer reviews are manual checking activities where work products such as requirements specifications or code are examined by colleagues (peers) for defects.
A, B, and C are incorrect answers. A peer review does not find defects while static analysis finds failures (A), as both techniques can find defects but not failures. Failures are observed at runtime when executing the code.
Peer reviews cannot find missing requirements whereas static analysis can (B), as both techniques cannot find missing requirements but only check conformance to existing requirements. Missing requirements can be found by other techniques such as elicitation or validation. A peer review finds failures while static analysis finds defects, as both techniques find defects but not failures. Failures are observed at runtime when executing the code.

QUESTION 14
Which of the following are part of ISTQB code of ethics?
I. Certified software testers shall advance the integrity and reputation of the profession consistent with the public interest II. Certified software tester shall always sign a NDA (Non Disclosure Agreement) in presence of customer data III. Certified software testers shall maintain integrity and independence in their professional judgment IV Certified software testers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client and employer, consistent with the public interest

I, II, III

II, III, IV

I, II, V

I, III, IV

QUESTION 15

The decision table above reflects a golf club’s pricing structure for green fees and buggy/cart hire.
What is the expected result (actions) for each of the following two test cases (TC1 and TC2)?
* TC 1 – Paul is not a full member, is a Loyalty Card holder and requests to play 18 holes with a buggy/cart
* TC 2 – Cheryl is not at full member, doesn’t have a Loyalty Card and requests to play 9 holes with a
buggy/cart

TC1 – £23 total charges including buggy hire; TC2 – £21 total charge including buggy hire

TC1 – £18 total charges including buggy hire; TC2 – £16 total charge but no buggy allowed

TC1 – £23 total charges including buggy hire; TC2 – £16 total charge but no buggy allowed

TC1 – £17 total charges but no buggy allowed; TC2 – £21 total charge including buggy hire

QUESTION 16
A Software was re-deployed because the backend database was changed from one vendor to another The Test Manager decided to perform some functional tests on the redeployed system. This is an example of test of which test type?

Regression tests

Non-functional tests

Structural tests

Unit tests

Explanation
Regression testing is a type of testing that is performed after a software system has been changed or modified to verify that the changes have not introduced any new defects or adversely affected the existing functionality of the system. Regression testing can be performed when the software system undergoes different types of changes, such as:
Corrective changes: Changes that fix defects or errors in the software system Adaptive changes: Changes that adapt the software system to new platforms or environments Perfective changes: Changes that improve the performance or usability of the software system Preventive changes: Changes that avoid potential problems or issues in the software system In this case, the software system was re-deployed because the backend database was changed from one vendor to another, which is an example of an adaptive change. Therefore, the test manager decided to perform some functional tests on the re-deployed system to ensure that the change did not affect the functionality of the system. This is an example of regression testing.
The other types of testing mentioned in the question are not relevant for this scenario. For example:
Non-functional testing: This type of testing verifies the non-functional aspects of the software system, such as reliability, performance, security, usability, etc.
Structural testing: This type of testing verifies the internal structure or implementation of the software system, such as code, architecture, design, etc.
Unit testing: This type of testing verifies individual components or units of software in isolation from other components or systems.
You can find more information about regression testing in [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level
2018 Syllabus], Chapter 2, Section 2.4.

QUESTION 17
Which of the following test techniques is structure-based?

Control flow testing

Use case testing

State transition testing

Decision table testing

Explanation
Test techniques are methods or procedures that can be used to design, execute, or evaluate test cases. Test techniques can be classified into two categories: specification-based and structure-based. Specification-based test techniques, also known as black-box test techniques, are based on the requirements, specifications, or expectations of the system under test. They do not require any knowledge of the internal structure or implementation of the system. Some examples of specification-based test techniques are use case testing, state transition testing, decision table testing, etc. Structure-based test techniques, also known as white-box test techniques, are based on the code, architecture, or design of the system under test. They require some knowledge of the internal structure or implementation of the system. Some examples of structure-based test techniques are control flow testing, data flow testing, branch testing, statement testing, etc. You can find more information about test techniques in A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus, Chapter
41.

QUESTION 18
The following diagram lists various types of operating systems, databases and application servers supported by the application under test. For complete coverage of all combinations, how many combinations of the above are to be tested?

Explanation
The diagram lists various types of operating systems (LNX, W2K, WSP), databases (ORA, MSQ, SQL), and application servers (JBS, WSP) supported by the application under test. To test all possible combinations of these types, we need to multiply the number of options in each category. In this case, we have:
3 options for operating systems
3 options for databases
2 options for application servers
Therefore, we have 3 x 3 x 2 = 18 possible combinations to test.
However, if we look closely at the diagram, we can see that some combinations are not valid or feasible because they are not connected by lines. For example, we cannot test LNX with WSP as an application server because there is no line between them. Similarly, we cannot test W2K with JBS as an application server because there is no line between them. Therefore, we need to exclude these invalid combinations from our calculation.
If we count only the valid combinations that are connected by lines in the diagram, we get:
5 combinations for LNX (LNX-ORA-JBS, LNX-ORA-WSP, LNX-MSQ-JBS, LNX-MSQ-WSP, LNX-SQL-JBS)
5 combinations for W2K (W2K-ORA-WSP, W2K-MSQ-WSP, W2K-SQL-WSP)
5 combinations for WSP (WSP-ORA-JBS, WSP-ORA-WSP, WSP-MSQ-JBS, WSP-MSQ-WSP) Therefore, we have 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 valid combinations to test.
You can find more information about testing combinations in Software Testing Foundations: A Study Guide for the Certified Tester Exam, Chapter 4, Section 4.22.

QUESTION 19
Which of the following describes a task performed as part of the Test Implementation and Execution’ activity?

Logging the outcome of test execution and reporting bugs

Evaluating the testability of the test basis and test objects

Assessing if the specified exit criteria should be changed

Selecting metrics for monitoring test execution and defect resolution

Explanation
Logging the outcome of test execution and reporting bugs is an activity that is performed as part of the Test Implementation and Execution activity, because it involves recording and communicating any deviations from the expected results or behaviour of the software under test1 . Test Implementation and Execution is the process of running the test cases or procedures on the software under test and comparing the actual results with the expected results1 . The other options are not activities that are performed as part of the Test Implementation and Execution activity, but rather as part of other activities. Option B is an activity that is performed as part of the Test Analysis activity, because it involves evaluating the testability of the test basis and test objects to identify test conditions1 . Option C is an activity that is performed as part of the Test Closure activity, because it involves assessing if the specified exit criteria should be changed to determine when to stop testing1 . Option D is an activity that is performed as part of the Test Planning activity, because it involves selecting metrics for monitoring test execution and defect resolution to measure the progress and quality of testing1 .

QUESTION 20
A program is used to control a manufacturing line (turn machines on and off. start and stop conveyor belts, add raw materials to the flow, etc.) Not all actions are possible at all times For example, there are certain manufacturing stages that cannot be stopped – unless there is an emergency. A tester attempts to evaluate if all such cases (where a specific action is not allowed) are covered by the tests. Which coverage metric will provide the needed information for this analysis?

Branch Coverage

Statement coverage

Data flow coverage

Code coverage

Explanation
Checking that at least 50% of decisions have been exercised by a test case suite is not a valid use of decision coverage, because it does not meet the minimum criterion of decision coverage, which is to exercise all possible outcomes of each decision in the software under test . Decision coverage is a technique that measures how much of the logic or branching of the software under test has been exercised by the test cases . The other options are valid uses of decision coverage. Option A is a valid use of decision coverage, because it can check that all decisions have been exercised in a single program . Option B is a valid use of decision coverage, because it can check that all decisions have been exercised in a business process . Option C is a valid use of decision coverage, because it can check that all calls from one program module to another have been made correctly .

QUESTION 21
Which of the following processes ensures that all items of testware are identified, version controlled, tracked
for changes, so that traceability can be maintained throughout the test process?

Software traceability process

Incidence management process

Testing design process

Configuration management process

QUESTION 22
Under which of the following circumstances is maintenance testing required? [K1]

Migration of software onto a new platform

Testing during initial development of a replacement for an existing system

Purchase of a new software tool

Updating of a regression suite

QUESTION 23
Which of the following activities do NOT belong to test implementation and execution?

Checking if the preconditions of test execution have been met

Logging of test results

Test data generation

Prioritizing test conditions

Explanation
Test implementation and execution is the phase of the test process where test cases are executed and test results are logged. It includes activities such as checking if the preconditions of test execution have been met, executing test cases according to a test procedure, comparing actual results with expected results, logging test results and reporting defects, and repeating test activities as needed. Prioritizing test conditions is not an activity that belongs to test implementation and execution, but rather to test analysis and design, which is the phase where test conditions are identified and test cases are designed. References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 4.2.3 and 4.2.4

QUESTION 24
Which of the following are part of ISTQB code of ethics?
I. Certified software testers shall advance the integrity and reputation of the profession consistent with the
public interest
II. Certified software tester shall always sign a NDA (Non Disclosure Agreement) in presence of customer
data
III. Certified software testers shall maintain integrity and independence in their professional judgment
IV Certified software testers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client and employer,
consistent with the public interest

I, II, III

II, III, IV

I, II, V

I, III, IV

QUESTION 25
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of good testing, independent of the development life cycle
model?

Each test level has objectives specific for the test level

Testers are involved in reviewing documents as soon as drafts are available

Every development activity is matched by a corresponding testing activity.

Testers are involved in reviewing documents as soon the documents are approved.

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